Realist Methodology and the Articulation of Modes of Production (ص 282)

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Realist Methodology and the Articulation of Modes of Production (ص 282)

المحتوى

subordination through the intensification of their labour
burden within the peasant household.
The second reason for discussing the household subsistence
economy in terms of planning and strategy is related to
Rodger's point. The fact is that peasant household
subsistence production is largely the preserve of peasant
women and not men. It is now widely established in the
development literature that planners, and it must be said
grass-roots political organisations, have persistently
neglected the role of women in the development process and
have been consistently guilty of gender—-blindness. Thus, Lina
Fruzzetti has forcibly argued that:
Utilising the family as their unit of
investigation, development planners have imposed
their own cultural biases with respect to the sex
role division and hierarchical structural models
rather than using those of the developing countries
they have set out to examine. Thus, their plans for
agricultural development and modernisation, and the
push for economic growth and progress have focused
more on male participation in the production
process. Here I am alluding to the classical models
of division of labour with private and public
spheres where male and female roles revolve around
either one or the other, and where the home is
clearly separated from the workplace, in this case
the farm. Over the last two decades, development
projects have reinforced the mothering roles of
women as well as awelfare orientation in the
design and implementation of programmes for them.
This treatment has resulted in their exclusion from
meaningful consideration in general development
goals. The separately designated projects for women
(and the systematic effort to exclude them from
significant ones) result in a mere symbolic
representation of women in whatever plans
ultimately materialise. Women are neither required
nor encouraged by local governments or planners’ to
participate in any substantive sense in the
development process as it relates to resource
allocation. (18)
if
a f 1
—— 268

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Realist Methodology and the Articulation of Modes of Production

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المنشئ

Alex Pollock

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