Agricultural Development in the West Bank (ص 32)

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Agricultural Development in the West Bank (ص 32)

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through erosion is a grave
for a country like
arly serious
ch is partion
whit :
national hazard ffers a substantial and continuous
which already st
bl of occupation
al
ces, Unaie loss of such resources through natural phenomena
policies-
is thas all the wore regrettable,
Water reserves
‘the West Bark lies in the path of the rainy winds blowing from the
+t shores of the Mediterranean. As such it receives a fairly
eas!
large amount of rainfall averaging at about 700 millimeters on
the western foot hills and interior mountains and dropping down to
Jess than 300 aillinetres on the eastern slopes (see map 4 on page 48).
Although seasonal variation in the level of rainfall makesit
aifticult to project a representative volume of precipitation, a
British hydrological team projected an estiaate based on a two-
Year average (1964-1965). According to their study, the west
Rank received on the average around 2500 million cubic meters (mca).
But ie thirds of the falling water is lost later through
‘lee for farning oes .
228 ales |__ SS 36 generally poorly managed
a Regligence. In the ence
ne eat experi
55
of the researcher, many of them have been severely damaged and
depleted due to the powerful discharging capacity of deep-bore wells
drilled by neighbouring settlements, Table (II-4) shows the number
of major springs and their annual discharge during 1976-77.
Table (11
Number of springs and their annual discharge capacity
No of springs Apousl_—iscnarge 1 of total
(200e2)
Eastern slopes 24 49754 93
Western slopes 32 3572 7
zB 53305 Too
Source: Hydrological yearbook of Israel 1976-77, (Jerusalem: Israel's
Water Comission, 1978), compiled from scattered pages.
Artesian wells
‘The West Bank has got at the present two groups of artesian wells,
‘one owned by Arabs and the other by Israeli settlements. There are
14 Arab wells under actual operation, concentrated mostly in the
soastal areas and the Jordan Valley (see Table II-5). Wells in the
Upper hills are few. This is one reason why these areas have been
forced into almost total dependence on rainfall in their agriculture.
Table (II - 5)
Number of artesian wells and quantities of water discharged (1977-78)
Region No of wells tity dil Sof total
(000 cubic meters
Jordan Rift Valley 6 9932.7 26.2
Wadi Fara'a 23 2767.3 7.3
Western slopes 185 (20204.8 53.2
Southern hills 10 3033.6 13.3
Total Arab wells m4 37938.4 100.0
Israeli wells (only those in
the Valley) wv 14,144.8
Source: Ammal Report on the Monthly Discharge of wells
1977-78, (Beit Eil: Water Department in the
Military Headquarters, 1979).

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Agricultural Development in the West Bank

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١٩٨٢

المنشئ

Hisham Masoud Awartani

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