Agricultural Development in the West Bank (ص 57)

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Agricultural Development in the West Bank (ص 57)

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Official prejudice against West Bank residents went beyond political
control. The economic policies of successive Jordanian
Pvermments were aimed at transforming the West Bank's economy
in ways that would make it subservient to that of the East Bank.
Public and private investment in industry, trade, services and
agriculture were linked into East Bank sectors in compliance with
inequitable developmental policies.
A clear indication of the impact of Jordan's discriminatory economic
policies is given in Table (ITI=1) which shows a remarkably faster
expansion in East fank industrial development, as measured by
the number of industrial firms and the size of the employed labour
force.
Table (111
Comparative Industrial Development in Jordan 1954-1963
Number of firms with
4 workers or more 254 353° (171 461.
Number of employed workers 3562 5504 4512 12710
Sources: 1. Census of Mining and Manufacturing Industries
in Jordan, 1954, (Amman: Department of Statistics,
1955).
2. A Survey of Employment in Institutional Firms,
1963, (Amman: Jordan Development Board, 1965),
derived from Tables 3 and 4.
The differences in industrial development were not only in the
number of employed workers but also in the average size of firms.
‘A survey conducted by the Jordan Development Board revealed that
the nunber of firms with 50 workers or more was, in 1963, 20
1
firms in the West Hank against 38 in the East Bank.
1. A Survey of
rom Jani =
it_in Institutional Fi,
» Op cit, quoted
+P 180. va
Discriminatory policies were sustained through the pre-1967 era
40 that by 1967 the West Bask's share of the govermment's
investment in economic ventures amounted asly to 8 percent
of its total investuents.
Jordan's discriminatory economic policies led to severe ramifications
on the West Bank's economic and social Life. Unemployment and
underemployment rose sharply and were ameliorated only by
massive enigration. Thousands of exigrants settled in the East
Bark, where the economy was growing at a higher rate, but most of
then went to the Gilf states. Kage levels in the fast Bank were
also considerably higher, 9. 70 percent higher in Amman than in
Jerusalem. Per capita income in 1966 amounted to #245 in the
West Bank against £322 in the Gast fank.’ This was reflected
in sharply different standards of living in both parts of Jordan
as evidenced, for instance, by rates of electrification, availability
Of running water, and ownership of major household appliances
(see Table I11-2). It is reasonable to assune that differences
between East and West Banks increased further by the mid-sixties.
Table (III - 2)
Comparative Standards of Living (1961)
Percentage of total
Houses connected to electric power
= All Jordan . 7
= West Bank alone 13.3
Availability of running water
= All Jordan ae
- West Bank *
Oeership of refrigerators
~ All Jordan “
~ West Bank i
Source: Population 5, 1961 ~ derived from Tables
3/8, 4/8, 5/8.
—_—__—.
1s Jamil Wilal, op cit, p 181-

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Agricultural Development in the West Bank

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المنشئ

Hisham Masoud Awartani

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